Fundamentally a research enquiry seeks to build knowledge. Methods are the tools and processes of the researcher, used to elicit information, collect data and build knowledge and understanding. All researchers use methods.
These tools (or processes) can perform multiple functions depending on the research enquiry. They can act as stimuli, talking points and conversation pieces. They may reveal what someone is thinking, or bring together materials or elements that promote a reaction through which knowledge and understanding are built.
It is necessary for the researcher to articulate these factors to enable the audience to situate the enquiry.
No one discipline ‘owns’ a method but these must be fit for purpose. How methods are used will depend on a number of factors. For example:
